The sun shines brightly on Mercury's surface.

Meaning: The star in the center of our solar system emits intense light on the outermost layer of Mercury.

Choice of Words: The is used to refer to a specific thing, sun is the star at the center of our solar system, shines means to emit light, brightly means with a lot of light, on indicates a location or position, Mercury's shows possession or ownership of something related to Mercury, surface is the outer layer of something.

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Related Expressions